ANNA University Protection And Switchgear Notes

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Syllabus:

UNIT I INTRODUCTION 9
Importance of protective schemes for electrical apparatus and power system. Qualitative review of faults and fault currents - relay terminology – definitions - and essential qualities of protection.Protection against over voltages due to lightning and switching - arcing grounds - Peterson Coil -ground wires - surge absorber and diverters Power System earthing – neutral Earthing - basic ideas of insulation coordination.

UNIT II OPERATING PRINCIPLES AND RELAY CHARACTERISTICS 9
Electromagnetic relays – over current, directional and non-directional, distance, negative sequence,differential and under frequency relays – Introduction to static relays.

UNIT III APPARATUS PROTECTION 9
Main considerations in apparatus protection - transformer, generator and motor protection -protection of busbars. Transmission line protection - zones of protection. CTs and PTs and their applications in protection schemes.

UNIT IV THEORY OF CIRCUIT INTERRUPTION 9
Physics of arc phenomena and arc interruption.
DC and AC circuit breaking - restriking voltage and recovery voltage - rate of rise of recovery voltage - resistance switching - current chopping - interruption of capacitive current.

UNIT V CIRCUIT BREAKERS 9
Types of circuit breakers – air blast, air break, oil, SF6 and vacuum circuit breakers – comparative merits of different circuit breakers – testing of circuit breakers.


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